The Role of Green Economy in Promoting Sustainable Development in Southeast Asia

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the role of green economy in promoting sustainable development in Southeast Asia, focusing on five countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, and the Philippines. The research employs a descriptive-comparative method combining quantitative and qualitative analysis based on secondary data from international institutions and official government reports. Results indicate that green economy contribution to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is gradually increasing, particularly in renewable energy, green industry, and sustainable agriculture sectors. Countries with more progressive green policies such as Malaysia and Thailand demonstrate more significant results, both in terms of economic growth and carbon emission reduction. However, disparities between countries remain substantial, especially regarding institutional readiness, fiscal support, and technological capacity. This study also highlights the importance of regional cooperation through policy integration and harmonization of green economy standards within ASEAN. These findings reinforce the urgency of green economic transformation as the main strategy for building a resilient, equitable, and sustainable future in Southeast Asia.